What are the 2025 federal tax brackets?

For 2025, single filers: 10% up to $11,925; 12% up to $48,475; 22% up to $103,350; 24% up to $197,300; 32% up to $250,525; 35% up to $626,350; 37% above $626,350. Brackets are adjusted ~2.8% higher than 2024 for inflation.

What is the 2025 standard deduction?

The 2025 standard deduction is $15,000 for single filers (up from $14,600), $30,000 for married filing jointly (up from $29,200), $15,000 for married filing separately, and $22,500 for head of household (up from $21,900).

What is the difference between marginal and effective tax rate?

Your marginal rate is the rate applied to your last dollar of income — your highest bracket. Your effective rate is total taxes divided by total income, always lower because lower rates apply to earlier income. Effective rate is the true measure of your overall tax burden.

Do these brackets include state taxes?

No. This calculator covers federal income tax only using 2025 IRS brackets. State income tax rates vary from 0% (Texas, Florida, Nevada) to over 13% (California) and must be calculated separately.

How do the 2025 brackets differ from 2024?

The 2025 brackets are approximately 2.8% higher than 2024 due to the IRS inflation adjustment. For example, the 22% bracket for single filers starts at $48,475 in 2025 vs. $47,150 in 2024. The standard deduction increased by $400 for single filers.

Tax Bracket Calculator

Find your federal income tax bracket, marginal rate, and effective rate for . Enter your taxable income and filing status to see exactly how much you owe and how each bracket applies to your income.

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Understanding Federal Tax Brackets in

The U.S. uses a progressive tax system — different portions of your income are taxed at different rates. Only the income that falls within a bracket is taxed at that bracket's rate. Moving into a higher bracket does not mean all your income is taxed at the higher rate.

2025 Federal Tax Brackets (Single Filers)

For single filers in 2025: 10% on income up to $11,925; 12% on $11,926–$48,475; 22% on $48,476–$103,350; 24% on $103,351–$197,300; 32% on $197,301–$250,525; 35% on $250,526–$626,350; and 37% on income over $626,350.

2025 Standard Deductions

Single: $15,000 (up $400 from 2024)
Married Filing Jointly: $30,000 (up $800 from 2024)
Married Filing Separately: $15,000
Head of Household: $22,500 (up $600 from 2024)

Marginal Rate vs. Effective Rate

Your marginal tax rate is the rate that applies to your last dollar of income. Your effective tax rate is total tax divided by total taxable income — always lower than the marginal rate because earlier income is taxed at lower rates. A single filer earning $80,000 is in the 22% bracket but their effective rate is closer to 13–14%.

What Is Taxable Income?

Taxable income is gross income minus adjustments and deductions. Subtract your standard deduction (or itemized deductions if higher) before entering income in this calculator. This tool calculates federal income tax only — state taxes, Social Security (6.2%), and Medicare (1.45%) are separate.